Antimicrobial Potential of Syzygium aromaticium (CLOVE) Extracts on Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Uropathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Bauchi, Nigeria

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common pathogenic inflammatory, distressing, and occasionally life-threatening condition that affects people of all ages gender, mostly propelled by the emergence multidrug-resistant bacteria. Cloves are used as spices in food flavouring agent drinks it also traditionally treatment for urinary infections.
 Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate antimicrobial potentials Clove extracts on (MDR) Uropathogenic bacteria.
 Design: Clinical laboratory-based patient with cases UTI
 Place Duration study: conducted Microbiology laboratory Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Nigeria, from January December, 2021.
 Methodology: Two hundred fourty five (245) clean catch midstream urine samples were collected patients suspected tract infection attending GOPD ATBU TH. Bacteria isolated using standard techniques antibiotic resistant pattern tested Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion method. Bioactive components clove extracted diethyl ether, ethanolic water solvents. Phytochemical analysis out.
 Results: Out analysed, 168 (68.6%) showed significant bacteriuria. UTI more prevalent women within active age group 21-30. The isolates seven above commonly antibiotics selected each specie test efficacy. revealed presence alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, sterols Triterpenes. In vitro activity aqueous extract cloves at different concentration of: 200mg/ml, 100mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 25mg/ml, 12.5mg/ml
 6.25mg/ml against multidrug isolates. S. aureus Klebsiella spp most sensitive while E. coli P. aeruginosa less sensitive. All Three broad spectrum activities higher concentrations (200mg/ml) no or lower extracts. Diethyl ether exerts than mean diameter zone inhibitions, MIC and, MBC values. values their suggesting inhibited growth MDR being bactericidal concentrations.
 Conclusion: Staphylococcus among commonest uropathogens clinically encountered this area species administered antibiotics. had great potential these bacteria, therefore can be UTIs. However, necessary determine its toxicity, pharmacokinetic properties side effects.